Naturally occurring copper tripeptide that activates fibroblasts to upregulate collagen I/III/IV and elastin synthesis, inhibits MMP-1/2/9 collagen degradation enzymes, activates lysyl oxidase for collagen cross-linking, stimulates wound bed angiogenesis via VEGF/FGF-2, and activates Nrf2 antioxidant response element genes
However, in human systems the outcome of boosting NAD+ is complex and likely involves numerous pathways, from enhanced activity of sirtuins (implicated in longevity and metabolic control) to improved DNA damage repair, all of which are areas of ongoing investigation
Samples were analyzed in a randomized fashion
Hodge RD, Nelson BR, Kahoud RJ, Yang R, Mussar KE, Reiner SL, et al
Dosage recommendations may vary based on the form of BPC 157 and your specific health goals: Injectable BPC 157: If you are using the injectable form, follow the dosage instructions provided by your healthcare provider